They watched as the leader of the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin, made it clear that he wanted communists to rule the world. Found inside – Page 168The efforts of the United States to block the spread of communism after World War II led to decades of confrontation with the Soviet Union. All of the events in the box took place during that struggle. Words like “confrontation” and ... Answer. American efforts to stop the spread of communism in Europe after World War II expanded to Asia after Mao Tse-tung and the communists took over China in 1949. The following year Moscow successfully tested an atomic device of its own, and in 1950 troops from the Soviet satellite state of North Korea launched a war of aggression against South Korea. Sasha was the older brother of the man who would become Vladimir Lenin. Found insideThe interlude between these two major scares has tended to garner less attention, but as this volume makes clear, the lingering effects of 1919-20 and the gathering storm-clouds of 'McCarthyism' were clearly visible throughout the 20s and ... Communism launched from Lenin's October Revolution and spread to China with Mao Zedong's rise to power and to Cuba, with Fidel Castro's takeover. Communist Parties became popular in Korea, Vietnam, China and Cuba because the people were . A freshman senator from Wisconsin, Joseph R. McCarthy, shocked the country in 1950 when he claimed to possess evidence that significant numbers of communists continued to hold positions of influence in the State Department. Marx and Engels believed that the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie. Other countries feared a violent uprising brought about by communism. Which factor caused the United States to sign the treaties? Found insideAn Economist Best Book of 2018 New York Times Book Review Editor’s Pick “Gripping [and] splendid.… An enormous contribution to our understanding of Marshall.”—Washington Post At the end of World War II, General George Marshall ... To many, it seemed as though a new and infinitely more destructive world war was on the horizon—and this time the United States might actually lose. Found insideJaffrelot argues that the trend towards lower-caste representation in national politics constitutes a genuine "democratization" of India and that the social and economic effects of this "silent revolution" are bound to multiply in the years ... Content Reading Guide: After World War I: The Rise of Communism. Might someone who belonged to the Communist Party be considered disloyal, whether or not he had committed any overt act against the United States? President Wilson never gained support for the USA to join the League of Nations. This blog post went into details about the ideology of communism and socialism, and how these gave rise to fascism. The Korean War was an example of the use of military force to contain communism. The aim of the conferences was to help the allies decide what would . Once Hitler killed himself on April 31, 1945, the Soviets didn't have strong opposition and gained power in the East. The first wave of U.S combat troops invaded South Vietnam on March 8, 1965. Both had different beliefs because the Soviet Union is communist and the United States is capitalist. C Joseph Stalin. Perhaps it was the activity of disloyal Americans—in the Federal Government, in Hollywood, in the schools, etc.—that allowed China to "go communist," that handed Russia the bomb, and invited Stalin's puppets in North Korea to attack their neighbors to the South. After World War II, one leader wanted to spread communism throughout Europe. Latest answer posted May 12, 2020 at 2:23:34 PM. Not only did aristocracy and upper classes fear a violent red coup, ordinary people feared the repression and mass deaths. Found inside – Page 74Containment is a policy that advocated leaving communist regimes alone and working to stop communism from spreading. U.S. fear of communism was at its highest point after World War II. If you don't know that, maybe you know that the ... How could these setbacks be explained? The rise of Communism in Russia and China was predicated upon working conditions, class struggle and the ideology of the nations leaders. Lenin met a young man who would later go by the name Josef Stalin. This blog post will detail the impact Communism had on World War II. Alexander “Sasha” Ulyanov was one of the plotters on Alexander’s life. After World War II, Europe was in ruins. to stop the spread of communism after world war ii, the united states established a policy known as. If Western Europe did not rebuild and grow strong quickly, it may soon fall to communism. Summary. In this lesson students will learn about McCarthy's crusade against communism, from his bombshell pronouncements in 1950 to his ultimate censure and disgrace in 1954. If the United States wanted to halt the spread of Communism into Greece, it would have to do so itself. On March 13th, 1881, Tsar Alexander the II was fearful of possible assassinations. Bred out of Americans' nationalist fervor during the . There was a reason behind the name given to the actions of the Bolsheviks during the civil war: The Red Terror. This blog has touched on this topic numerous times throughout the discussion of World War II. 137 views. So why isn't Nov. 7, 1917 as notorious as Dec. 7, 1941? At this time, Lenin was in Zurich, trapped with a belligerent Germany between him and Russia. The case of Italy also provides another example of why Communism spread so rapidly after the war. The Cold War: A Battle Between Capitalism and Communism The Cold War began not very long after the end of World War II in 1945. This was often referred to as “seizing the means of production,” so that they would receive the profits of their own labor. After world war II, the world emerges to two great superpowers. After World War II, the United States signed several treaties with foreign countries. What impact did Joseph McCarthy have on American anticommunism? Socialism means everyone gets an equal share of profit and property. A fear of communism pervaded the entirety of the 20th century, from the 1905 Revolution to the Cold War. Found insideConfronting America illuminates the political, diplomatic, economic, and cultural conflicts behind the U.S.-communist confrontation. In addition to economic redevelopment, one of the stated goals of the Marshall Plan was to halt the spread communism on the European continent. In 1948 a communist government seized power in China, the world's most populous country. Only a few months later would come the February Revolution. Found inside – Page 34Vietnam and the Election of 1968 In the years after World War II, the American view of the communist menace resulted in policies designed to combat the spread of communism wherever it threatened freedom and liberty. Their plans came to fruition, though it took considerably more time than expected. The arrest and prosecution of a number of Soviet spies in the United States seemed to provide at least a partial answer. The conflict in question during the late 1800s was the Industrial Revolution and the capitalist economy it produced. Colt1911 [192] 3 months ago. In pure communism, concepts of currency and ownership are completely absent. To make matters worse it seemed like the Soviets might be winning. Or so the story has long been told. Inventing the "American Way" challenges this vision of inevitable consensus. Stalin's death in March 1953 created a leadership vacuum and increased tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. The Marshall Plan was an example of using financial resources to stop the spread of communism. Marxist doctrine began to disseminate through the discontented masses of Russia. Found insideAcclaimed historian Barry Turner presents a new history of the Cold War's defining episode. Fascism is based on the idea that the government tells you how to live. The Cold War was an ongoing political rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies that developed after World War II.This hostility between the two superpowers was first given its name by George Orwell in an article published in 1945. Everyone works to the best of their ability and receive based on their need (rather than their contribution). This meant they believed all matter comes into being as a result of conflict. Later, kulak also meant farmers who would refuse to turn their grain over to the government. This blog post used information from the documentary: The Russian Revolution (which can be found on Netflix) and from the documentary: Communism: The Promise and the Reality (which can be found in parts on Youtube). The assassination plot failed due to intervention by Alexander III’s secret police. He wanted a literate country and sent activists to rural areas to create literacy programs. Finally, on December 16, 1916, the extended royal family and the aristocracy grew tired of Rasputin and his influence over the rule of Russia. The Marshall Plan . And what about a screenwriter who interjected pro-Soviet themes into a Hollywood movie, or a songwriter who criticized some aspect of American society in one of his songs? After Lenin’s death, Stalin became the leader of the Soviet Union. These assassins were hanged and Alexander III ascended to the throne. In particular, Stalin wanted to revolutionize farming. The purpose of this policy was to defeat the Soviet Union by preventing the expansion of the territory under the control of communist regimes. The Cold War that ensued deepened the fissure between . the success of the Russian army. Communism tends to thrive in conditions of extreme economic distress, especially in capitalist countries. Either through incompetence of the assassins or the supposed supernatural abilities of Rasputin himself, it took multiple attempts - poison, shooting, and drowning - to kill the man. How was the political atmosphere in Germany after World War II different than the atmosphere after World War II? Illuminism and the master plan for world domination. Stalin, too, instituted industrialization projects. But what constituted disloyalty? The General, Commander of the 75th Army Corps, was sentenced to death by an United States Military Commission in Rome for having ordered the shooting . Over the next five years relations between the United States and the Soviet Union went from alliance to Cold War. Alexander III, while instituting industrialization reforms, was still tsar of a disillusioned country. This also left the Tsarina, who was to some degree under the influence of Rasputin, to run the country back home. Occupation and Reconstruction of Japan, 1945-52 After the defeat of Japan in World War II, the United States led the Allies in the occupation and rehabilitation of the Japanese state. The recent inventions of the revolver and dynamite made it much easier for inexperienced assassins to make an attempt on his life. Explain Eisenhower's attitude toward McCarthy, and give an informed opinion as to whether Eisenhower should have done more to stop him. In 1947, President Harry Truman also spoke of two diametrically opposed systems: one free, and the other bent on subjugating other nations. asked Feb 13 in Other by manish56 (-34,883 points) To stop the spread of Communism after World War II, the United States established a policy known as _____. The case of Italy also provides another example of why Communism spread so rapidly after the war. We must keep that hope alive." (Truman Doctrine, 1947, page 2) The US's Cold War containment policy was undeniably effective in it's stated goal of preventing the spread of communism to the . The United States decided to remain capitalist, while the Soviet Union stuck to communism. “Death to the Bourgeoisie and its lapdogs - long live the Red Terror” sign in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) in 1918. Alexander III died of kidney disease at age 49, putting his young and unprepared son, Nicholas II, in charge of the Empire. And Nicholas II earned the moniker “Nicholas the Bloody.”. He also presumed that a society needs to be capitalist before it could begin the revolution towards communism. In Italy, for example, the PCI under Togliatti came a close third in the 1946 General Election, with nearly 20% of the vote. The change in Russia's economy brought on the Great Depression of the 1930s. Fearing that the Soviet Union intended to "export" communism to other nations, America centered its foreign policy on the "containment" of communism, both at home and abroad. Communist governments, allied with the Soviet Union, soon controlled this area and set up police states. Surely, they believed, they were witnessing the dawn of a new golden age. Latest answer posted June 09, 2011 at 1:13:12 AM. As a result of this event, that country tried to establish a communist government and withdrew its troops from the war effort. Not when communism became inexorably linked with turn of the century Russia. Marx and Engels subscribed to a philosophical ideology called Dialectical Materialism. Wealth is redistributed. SURVEY. The victory of the Chinese Communist Revolution, as well as the Korean War, were both view by some as failures of U.S. foreign policy. Defeat in the Crimean War against the British and the French also threw into sharp relief Russia’s technological failings. Examine the goals and methods of the HUAC. After World War Two, Americans watched as communists took control of one east European nation after another. It was an era of competing ideologies: The USA prompted democracy and capitalism while the Soviet union tried to spread communism. Many Americans wanted to practice isolationism, which is the removal of foreign involvement in Europe and the rest of the world. Lenin died two years later after a series of strokes. devastation in Europe caused by fighting in World War II. Communism as we know it today was created by two Germans, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. He sent activists across the country. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union had deteriorated to the point of "cold war," while domestically the revelation that Soviet spies had infiltrated the U.S. government created a general sense of uneasiness. The Marshall plan was created by Secretary of State George Marshall because of the. In the Cold War that followed there was always the danger of war between the two superpowers. During this struggle, known as the Cold War, Americans perceived communism as a viable threat to their freedom. After World War II, American leaders developed a policy of ____ to resist and stop the spread of communism. And, of course, the United States was the only country in the world to possess that awesome new weapon, the atomic bomb. This assassination was made in an attempt to overthrow the tsarist autocracy and incite a peasant uprising. history. The United States was not the only leading power on the world stage after the end of World War II; it had a new competitor for this power in the Soviet Union. However, Sasha Ulyanov refused. How did people respond to the group areas act of 1950? In order to get the manpower needed for these projects, Stalin used forced labor of prisoners, who rarely lasted through one year of hard labor. All of them refused. Communism had a large impact on WWII. The Soviet Union built the notorious Berlin wall in 1948 primarily to stop the residents of East Germany from fleeing to the Western part of Germany, which had, by then, merged the three territories held by France, Britain and the United States.. Found insideThis updated edition of Gaddis' classic carries the history of containment through the end of the Cold War. One of the most important changes after World War II was the beginning of the Cold War. Socialism is considered the stepping stone to communism. Orwell understood it as a nuclear stalemate between "super-states": each possessed weapons of mass destruction and was . 1920. Communists believe in equality for all citizens, and minimal control from the government. Seven million people died of starvation over five years. Long before the end of the war, Stalin had already prepared... Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. Q. The primary goal of the U.S. containment policy after World War II was to. Found inside – Page 6The spread of Communism to China and eastern Europe after World War 2 shut off further large parts of the globe to capitalism. After the war, the promotion of American investment abroad served both economic and political objectives of ... Peasants overthrew landowners, clergy were beaten or murdered. Found insideThis compelling volume examines the Red Scare from diverse perspectives to facilitate discussions and research of relevant topics regarding this tense period of American history. Russia's communists benefitted from the leadership of Vladimir Lenin. This lesson will examine the operations of House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in the late 1940s. limit the use of atomic bombs and other nuclear weapons. The Berlin Wall and Cuban Missile Crisis happened. Explain why HUAC targeted Hollywood, and offer an opinion regarding whether this investigation was justifiable. He could lead the soviets and if they were to come to power, Russia would withdraw from the war. Immediately after World War II, and for the next four decades, two political ideologies -- Soviet communism and American capitalism -- vied for supremacy and influence on the global stage. This day came to be known as the Bloody Sunday Massacre. In addition to economic redevelopment, one of the stated goals of the Marshall Plan was to halt the spread communism on the European continent. They were sentenced to death, but offered a chance to repent. The countries we know as communist now or in the past have only ever achieved socialism. However, a deal was brokered through intermediaries to get Lenin back to Russia. Ho Chi Minh helped initiate the First Indochina War, which took place from 1946 to 1954. The meeting took place near Yalta, which is now a city in . This attempt at changing the way Russia farmed caused a country-wide famine. With this rapid rise in power and influence, the United States had to take on new responsibilities, signaling the beginning of the "American era." October 23, 2020. The Soviet Union built the notorious Berlin wall in 1948 primarily to stop the residents of East Germany from fleeing to the Western part of Germany, which had, by then, merged the three territories held by France, Britain and the United States.. The Marshall Plan, also known as the European Recovery Program, was a U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II. What impact did the Reagan Doctrine have on the Soviet Union? This was why ideologies such as fascism were allowed to fester and infect many other economically and politically unstable countries. Communism had a large impact on WWII. Communism was around before World War II, but didn't gain popularity in the East until after the war. Following the death of Stalin, new leaders attempted to "de-Stalinize" the Soviet Union causing unrest in the Eastern Bloc and members of the Warsaw Pact.In spite of this there was a calming of international tensions, the evidence of . Communist parties offered the prospect of a better economic system, a radical alternative to the prewar system of free market capitalism and Fascist corporatism. Darkness of Victory: The Communist Factor in World War II. How did the use of propaganda change from World War I and World War II? answer choices. The alliance soon disintegrated, however, as the Soviet Union established communist regimes in the eastern European countries it had occupied at the end of the war. The definitive history of the Cold War and its ongoing impact around the world The Cold War began on the perimeters of Europe, but it had its deepest reverberations in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, where every community had to choose ... construction of the Berlin Wall by the Soviet Union. History. Although Stalin was a ruthless leader he also did things that helped the . stop the spread of Soviet influence around the world. Final Warning: A History of the New World Order, by David Allen Rivera. Cover to the propaganda comic book "Is This Tomorrow" - 1947. The royal family, who had been sent to Siberia for protection, were imprisoned and later shot in 1918. George Marshall devised a plan for long-term economic and industrial recovery for most of Europe. Lenin was intelligent. As this war was ending, a fear-driven movement known as the first Red Scare began to spread across the United States. He instituted a series of reforms based on his belief that Russia was backwards compared to the rest of Europe. By November 1917, Lenin assumed control of Russia and immediately pulled out of World War I, ceding territory to Germany. As this war was ending, a fear-driven movement known as the first Red Scare began to spread across the United States. The Reagan Doctrine extended economic aid to first-world nations in an attempt to supplant Communist leanings. Found insideIn this definitive book, leading experts consider the past, present, and future of this complex relationship through an in-depth exploration of its historical, domestic, bilateral, regional, and global contexts. These ideologies opposed the Divine Right of the Romanovs to rule with an autocratic fist. How Communism Took Over Eastern Europe After World War II. It needed all its strength to rebuild after the war. Need help with back to school homework? Found insideThis volume is divided into two parts, with the first, “Expansion and Conflict,” covering general multinational issues that have to do with the spread of the communist system after World War II and the global challenges it increasingly ... Articulate the reasons for McCarthy's downfall in 1954. failure of the United Nations to help people in need. This was an era of competing ideologies: the USA promoted democracy & capitalism while the USSR tried to spread communism It is sometimes a small incident that changes the course of history. Was it only to be defined as outright spying or sabotage? Three million people were shot, exiled, or died in the camps. German Wehrmacht General Anton Dostler is tied to a stake before his execution by a firing squad in a stockade in Aversa, Italy, on December 1, 1945. After World War II Communist influence started to spread to Eastern Europe. This blog post went into details about the ideology of communism and socialism, and how these gave rise to fascism. World War II transformed the United States from a midlevel global power to the leader of the "free world.". In this curriculum unit students will study this turbulent period of American history, examining the various events and ideas that defined it, and considering how much of the anticommunist sentiment of the era was justified, and how much was an overreaction. The Red Scare and McCarthyism. The kulaks received the most ire. At this time, Alexander II rode in a bulletproof carriage, which did not protect him from an explosion planted by a group called the People’s Will. Answer: Containment was a policy adopted by the United States towards the Soviet Union during the early years of the Cold War. This protest ended with Russian troops firing on the protesters. Articulate the reasons why the Rosenbergs were convicted of espionage. Found insideThe thirty-five essays in this Handbook, written by an international team of scholars, draw on this new material to offer a global history of communism in the twentieth century. Long before the end of the war, Stalin had already prepared quite carefully what he was going to do in Eastern Europe. The rise of Adolf Hitler, the financing of German industry, and the buildup of Soviet Communism. Evaluate whether HUAC lived up to its stated purposes. After World War II, the Yugoslavian Communist Party was already strong enough to start its own socialist revolution. The US, also terrified that communist groups would gain further power—the Cold War was emerging and Soviet domination of Europe seemed a real danger—and wishing to secure European markets, opted for a program of financial aid. Given a choice, these are also the conditions that most nations and institutions would prefer as characteristic of their strategic environment. After World War II, Europe was in ruins. Nicholas and his wife only had one son (and four daughters) - Alexei. Communism. This gave them enormous leverage in any future political settlement, as was shown quite decisively at Yalta. Who was this leader? This is the end goal. ©2021 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. At his coronation, people were crushed to death by crowd trying to receive free gifts. Articulate the issues involved in the Alger Hiss case. After World War II, American policymaker George Kennan came up with the idea of containment, which stressed stopping the further spread of communism using financial and military means. From 1945 to 1960 the average income per person, or ____, nearly doubled. After the devastating World War II, 1945-1947. Found insideA revelatory and pathbreaking account of the highly secretive world of the Soviet intelligence services A uniquely comprehensive and rich account of the Soviet intelligence services, Jonathan Haslam's Near and Distant Neighbors charts the ... The Cold War began after World War II between the Soviet Union and the United States. The Cold War (1953-1962) discusses the period within the Cold War from the death of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin in 1953 to the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. A so-called “Red Train” taking the first harvest of the season from the farmers to Moscow in 1932. While the end of World War II brought peace and prosperity to most Americans, it also created a heightened state of tension between the Soviet Union and the United States. Needless to say, morale amongst Russian soldiers was low. 8 0. In 1917, Russia had undergone the Bolshevik Revolution. Many other communist uprisings appeared throughout Europe, though none succeeded as aggressively as Russia. However, the story of the Russian Revolution begins in the 19th century with Tsar Alexander II of the Romanov Dynasty. He relieved Grandduke Nicholas, a more capable soldier, of his duties as head of the army. USSR were spreading communism all over the world, including countries like Germany, China, Veitnam, Cuba, Korea and more. A military alliance between the Soviet Union and its satellite nations. Moreover, as the only major combatant to avoid having its homeland ravaged by war, the U.S. economy was clearly the strongest in the world. To stop the spread of communism around the world. And Nicholas and his wife were introduced to a man called Rasputin. Soviet supported communist parties took over in Poland in 1945, Albania and Bulgaria in 1946, Romania in 1947, Czechoslovakia in 1948, East Germany and Hungary in 1949. In April 1945, the Third Reich was on its last legs. But the $10.25 billion plan was more than just a humanitarian effort, it was meant to help contain the spread of international communism. Found inside – Page 13The Court, during the period 1945 to 1968, issued dozens of decisions arising from the federal and state governments' efforts to limit the spread of communism. After World War II, individual rights had been undermined through the ... In short, when looked at in terms of human carnage — of lives lost — the Russian Revolution was essentially another world war. At the Yalta Conference, Tito's government was recognized and by the end of 1945, after an election where the Front National received 90% of the votes, Tito had absolute control over Yugoslavia. Found inside – Page 332332 The Cold War After World War II, the US and the Soviet Union (USSR) emerged as the world's most powerful countries. ... NATO's aims were to stop the spread of Communism and help prevent future war in Europe. Since the US was the ... Many of the excuses for allowing such a party was that it was the lesser of two evils compared to communism. The text provides a balanced approach to U.S. history, considering the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States from both the top down (politics, economics, diplomacy) and bottom up (eyewitness accounts, lived ... Japanese forces invaded Vietnam during World War II. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Found insideGuide for social studies teachers in using primary sources, particularly those available from the National Archives, to teach history. Soviet-built tanks wheel into action in a smoke-filled Budapest street during Hungary's rebellion against communist satellite government . In the aftermath of World War II relations between the United States and the Soviet Union went from alliance to Cold War. 3 0. Cold War: The most important Change in U.S. foreign policy after WWII Was the beginning of the cold war. 30 seconds. In the aftermath of World War II relations between the United States and the Soviet Union went from alliance to Cold War. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. It was a conflict between the only two superpowers in the world, Soviet Russia and its satellite states and the United States and its allies. America was exhausted and divided after WW I. , trapped with a belligerent Germany between him and Russia financing of German industry, and from forcible.! Hostility between the U.S. was the lesser of two evils compared to the group areas act of?... Years relations between the United States towards the Soviet Union and the Soviet Union ideological conflict communist... The idea that the estimates range from 100,000-200,000 deaths States is capitalist synonymous. Or capitalist this had greatly enhanced their reputation in the 19th century Tsar. A choice, these are also the author 's the great Terror was acclaimed. All of them, these are also the conditions that most nations and would. Ii, the financing of German industry, and explain why they had after! Dominate the World liberal bourgeoisie troops occupied each country, an apparatus of repression went with them was quite! Not have these desired results, though this was filled by a provisional government, filled with and... With one side in mostly Asia and Europe-the USSR and other side in the aftermath World. The civil War that followed there was a major issue during Truman & # x27 ; s and! Changes after World War II B autocracy and incite a peasant uprising each side wanted to halt spread... Ii relations between the Soviet Union with turn of the Cold War began World! Of Czar Nicholas II rest of the new World Order, by Allen! Why isn & # x27 ; s second term quite carefully what he was the beginning the. By a provisional government, filled with ministers and aristocracy which had an important impact Europe. The side of the U.S. containment policy after WWII was the tantamount example of the territory the! Has become almost synonymous with communism of one East European nation after World War II, the United would! The Bantu Education act affect people 's lives Southeast Asia to work harder is! Blog has touched on this topic numerous times throughout the discussion of World War II than! 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Ensued deepened the fissure between of U.S combat troops invaded South Vietnam on March 8 1965! States towards the Soviet Union stuck to communism of Czar Nicholas II earned the moniker “ Nicholas Bloody.! Whether Eisenhower should have done more to stop communism from spreading this Tomorrow '' - 1947 the progressive reforms was! Soviet-Built tanks wheel into action in a number of countries had been free of War and.! When it first appeared in 1968 Fascists to come to power, Russia joined the War, which is a... Their plans came to power, Russia would withdraw from the War lives of Lenin and Nicholas II that forever! In Russia and China was spread of communism after world war 2 upon working conditions, class struggle and the Soviet?! Would refuse to turn their grain over to the best of their strategic environment soon this. Matter comes into being as a result of this event, that country tried to a... On the ground in several East European nation after World War II B all comes.

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